# Adaptive Trial Design & AI-Powered Simulations

Traditional fixed-design clinical trials commit to every parameter upfront — sample size, doses, patient population, endpoints. If assumptions are wrong, the only option is a protocol amendment or, worse, a failed trial. Adaptive designs build in pre-planned decision points where the trial can be modified based on accumulating data.

Types of Adaptive Designs

Sample size re-estimation: An interim analysis assesses the observed treatment effect and variance. If the effect is smaller than assumed, the sample size increases; if larger, it may decrease. This prevents the common problem of underpowered trials.